Endocrine Abstracts

Background: Hypokalemia can be caused by decreased intake of potassium or by excessive loss of potassium in the urine or through the gastrointestinal tract. Severe and life-threatening hypokalemia is defined by levels below 2.5 mEq/l and can be associated with muscle weakness, cramping, headaches, palpitations, polydipsia and polyuria. Periodic paralysis is a very rare presentation in Caucasians.Case presentation: A 50-year-old Caucasian man, without pre...

Introduction: Hypercalcemia is a relatively common ionic imbalance, mostly due to primary hyperparathyroidism or neoplasia. Hypercalcemia rarely occurs in patients with acute adrenal insufficiency and establishing its etiology can be a challenge. Clinical presentation:We present the case of a 27-year-old patient, admitted in June 2023 with severe fatigue, recurrent diarrhea, vomiting and anorexia, symptoms that have progressively worsened in the last months. H...

Background: Pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGLs) are rare neuroendocrine tumors characterized by a high degree of variability and unpredictability. Coexistence of PPGLs and adrenocortical adenomas is an uncommon occurrence that can further complicate the clinical course. Objective: We describe the diagnostic and management challenges of a patient with a history of surgically removed pheochromocytoma, presenting with symptoms of catecholamine exce...

Introduction: Cells of the neuroendocrine system are spread throughout the body, and they can give rise to various neuroendocrine tumors with unpredictable evolution. It has been observed that they are often associated with the development of fibrosis, both local and distant.Case presentation: We present the case of an 81 year-old, normal-weight woman, who firstly presented in our clinic in 2014 for multinodular goiter (normal calcitonin). Fine needle as...

Background: Iatrogeny is the most common cause of Cushing syndrome (CS), with most reported cases due to prolonged use of oral, parenteral or, rarely, topical corticosteroid preparations. Few cases of CS (and consecutive adrenal insufficiency (AI)) due to intranasal corticoids have been reported and the vast majority were documented in pediatric patients.Case reports: We present two cases of iatrogenic CS due to chronic intranasal administration of over-...

Background: The occurrence of multiple endocrine tumors in the same patient is not always typical and cannot always be classified into a multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) type, McCune-Albright syndrome or the Carney complex. Schwannomas are mesenchymal tumors that originate from Schwann cells of peripheral nerve fibers that can associate in some syndromes. 90% cases are benign, involving usually the head, neck and extremities. They are rare in the retroperitoneal region (1&#1...

Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis is an inflammatory disease characterized by joint destruction, the erosion being caused by invasion of articular cartilage by the synovial pannus. This chronic systemic disease affects approximately 0.5–1% of the adult population, occurring more often in women than in men (3:1). The etiology is thought to be multifactorial, environmental factors or infectious agents being suggested to play a role, but their contribution is yet to be defi...

Introduction: Besides the amount of bone mineral assesed through bone mineral density (BMD), studies have shown that neck geometry parameters as hip axis length (HAL) and neck-shaft angle (NSA) could also be reliable parameters to be included in the hip fracture assesement. On the other hand, bone geometry is known to be modified in acromegaly in flat bones, thus hip fracture is not a recognized direct complication in acromegaly neither through bone mass or long bone geometry....

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus and acromegaly are both associated with an increased risk of fracture caused by altered quality of bone. TBS represents an important tool for assessment of bone microarchitecture.Objectives: The aim of this study is to assess the bone deterioration through the trabecular bone score (TBS) and to compare TBS and Z score between 2 groups of patients: acromegaly and diabetes mellitus.Methods: This retros...